Response of the flow variables to external driving forces is non-linear for shear flows. For the turbulent boundary layer case, surface shear stress fluctuations of magnitude as great as the mean value are observed. For flow near the surface Prandtl's turbulent boundary layer approach of employing averaged Reynolds equation and a turbulence closure model is insufficient to account for surf ace shear fluctuations. A model which incorporates a discrete...

A simulated atmospheric boundary layer flow over the Renaissance Center model was established whose characteristics compared favorably with the expected flow over the Detroit area. Flow visualization showed fluctuating separation features at certain locations on the center hotel structure and on the elevator towers of office buildings suggesting high values of pressure coefficient in those regions.