Human language is a weird communication system: it has more in common with birdsong than with the calls of other primates. In this clear and non-technical overview, Jean Aitchison explores why it evolved and how it developed. She likens the search to a vast prehistoric jigsaw puzzle, in which numerous fragments of evidence must be assembled, some external to language, such as evolution theory and animal communication; others internal, including child...

The purpose of this manual is to provide District and School Assessment Coordinators with instructions for securing and distributing CELApro test materials prior to test administration, collecting and organizing materials after testing is complete, and preparing materials for scoring.

This rich ELL resource helps content and ESOL teachers collaboratively help struggling ELs meet today's rigorous content standards using research-based scaffolding techniques, advocacy and more!